Creating a URL shortener with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript involves building a simple front-end interface that interacts with a back-end server. Below is an example of how you can create a basic front-end using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript that communicates with the previously mentioned Node.js server.
Index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<script src="./script.js" defer></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
<title>URL Shortener</title>
</head>
<body class="m-0 bg-slate-200">
<div class="lg:w-[60%] mt-20 h-80 mx-auto py-10 px-20 sm:p-10 flex flex-col items-center justify-between bg-white shadow-md">
<h1 class="text-2xl sans">URL Shortner</h1>
<div class="lg:w-[50%] flex sm:w-[80%] justify-between mt-10 bg-white rounded border-2 border-gray-300">
<input placeholder="Enter your url" type="text" id="input" class="w-[80%] mr-5 focus:outline-none p-2 pl-3">
<h3 id="btn" class="cursor-pointer sm:text-sm lg:text-xl hover:text-gray-800 p-2 text-gray-600 bg-gray-200 border-l-2 border-gray-400 text-center w-[20%]">Get url</h3>
</div>
<div class="mt-5 flex justify-between">
<h2 id="resultContainer" class="border-b-2"><a id="result" href="">Result will be shown here</a></h2>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
main.css
@tailwind base; @tailwind components; @tailwind utilities;
script.js
let inputEl = document.getElementById('input');
let btnEl = document.getElementById('btn');
let resultEl = document.getElementById('result');
let resultContainer = document.getElementById('resultContainer');
const getUrl = () => {
var input = inputEl.value;
fetch(`https://is.gd/create.php?format=json&url=${input}`)
.then(response => response.json())
.then(response => {
console.log(response.shorturl)
if (response.shorturl) {
resultEl.href = response.shorturl;
resultEl. innerText = response?.shorturl;
resultContainer.classList.add('border-blue-500');
} else {
resultEl.innerText = 'Something went wrong!';
resultEl.href = "";
resultContainer.classList.remove('border-blue-500');
}
})
.catch((err) => console.log(err))
}
btnEl.addEventListener('click', () => {
getUrl()
});
window.addEventListener('keyup', (e) => {
if (e.keyCode === 13){
getUrl()
}
})
style.css
/*
! tailwindcss v3.2.4 | MIT License | https://tailwindcss.com
*/
/*
1. Prevent padding and border from affecting element width. (https://github.com/mozdevs/cssremedy/issues/4)
2. Allow adding a border to an element by just adding a border-width. (https://github.com/tailwindcss/tailwindcss/pull/116)
*/
*,
::before,
::after {
box-sizing: border-box;
/* 1 */
border-width: 0;
/* 2 */
border-style: solid;
/* 2 */
border-color: #e5e7eb;
/* 2 */
}
::before,
::after {
--tw-content: '';
}
/*
1. Use a consistent sensible line-height in all browsers.
2. Prevent adjustments of font size after orientation changes in iOS.
3. Use a more readable tab size.
4. Use the user's configured `sans` font-family by default.
5. Use the user's configured `sans` font-feature-settings by default.
*/
html {
line-height: 1.5;
/* 1 */
-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
/* 2 */
-moz-tab-size: 4;
/* 3 */
-o-tab-size: 4;
tab-size: 4;
/* 3 */
font-family: ui-sans-serif, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, "Noto Sans", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol", "Noto Color Emoji";
/* 4 */
font-feature-settings: normal;
/* 5 */
}
/*
1. Remove the margin in all browsers.
2. Inherit line-height from `html` so users can set them as a class directly on the `html` element.
*/
body {
margin: 0;
/* 1 */
line-height: inherit;
/* 2 */
}
/*
1. Add the correct height in Firefox.
2. Correct the inheritance of border color in Firefox. (https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=190655)
3. Ensure horizontal rules are visible by default.
*/
hr {
height: 0;
/* 1 */
color: inherit;
/* 2 */
border-top-width: 1px;
/* 3 */
}
/*
Add the correct text decoration in Chrome, Edge, and Safari.
*/
abbr:where([title]) {
-webkit-text-decoration: underline dotted;
text-decoration: underline dotted;
}
/*
Remove the default font size and weight for headings.
*/
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
font-size: inherit;
font-weight: inherit;
}
/*
Reset links to optimize for opt-in styling instead of opt-out.
*/
a {
color: inherit;
text-decoration: inherit;
}
/*
Add the correct font weight in Edge and Safari.
*/
b,
strong {
font-weight: bolder;
}
/*
1. Use the user's configured `mono` font family by default.
2. Correct the odd `em` font sizing in all browsers.
*/
code,
kbd,
samp,
pre {
font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace;
/* 1 */
font-size: 1em;
/* 2 */
}
/*
Add the correct font size in all browsers.
*/
small {
font-size: 80%;
}
/*
Prevent `sub` and `sup` elements from affecting the line height in all browsers.
*/
sub,
sup {
font-size: 75%;
line-height: 0;
position: relative;
vertical-align: baseline;
}
sub {
bottom: -0.25em;
}
sup {
top: -0.5em;
}
/*
1. Remove text indentation from table contents in Chrome and Safari. (https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=999088, https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=201297)
2. Correct table border color inheritance in all Chrome and Safari. (https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=935729, https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=195016)
3. Remove gaps between table borders by default.
*/
table {
text-indent: 0;
/* 1 */
border-color: inherit;
/* 2 */
border-collapse: collapse;
/* 3 */
}
/*
1. Change the font styles in all browsers.
2. Remove the margin in Firefox and Safari.
3. Remove default padding in all browsers.
*/
button,
input,
optgroup,
select,
textarea {
font-family: inherit;
/* 1 */
font-size: 100%;
/* 1 */
font-weight: inherit;
/* 1 */
line-height: inherit;
/* 1 */
color: inherit;
/* 1 */
margin: 0;
/* 2 */
padding: 0;
/* 3 */
}
/*
Remove the inheritance of text transform in Edge and Firefox.
*/
button,
select {
text-transform: none;
}
/*
1. Correct the inability to style clickable types in iOS and Safari.
2. Remove default button styles.
*/
button,
[type='button'],
[type='reset'],
[type='submit'] {
-webkit-appearance: button;
/* 1 */
background-color: transparent;
/* 2 */
background-image: none;
/* 2 */
}
/*
Use the modern Firefox focus style for all focusable elements.
*/
:-moz-focusring {
outline: auto;
}
/*
Remove the additional `:invalid` styles in Firefox. (https://github.com/mozilla/gecko-dev/blob/2f9eacd9d3d995c937b4251a5557d95d494c9be1/layout/style/res/forms.css#L728-L737)
*/
:-moz-ui-invalid {
box-shadow: none;
}
/*
Add the correct vertical alignment in Chrome and Firefox.
*/
progress {
vertical-align: baseline;
}
/*
Correct the cursor style of increment and decrement buttons in Safari.
*/
::-webkit-inner-spin-button,
::-webkit-outer-spin-button {
height: auto;
}
/*
1. Correct the odd appearance in Chrome and Safari.
2. Correct the outline style in Safari.
*/
[type='search'] {
-webkit-appearance: textfield;
/* 1 */
outline-offset: -2px;
/* 2 */
}
/*
Remove the inner padding in Chrome and Safari on macOS.
*/
::-webkit-search-decoration {
-webkit-appearance: none;
}
/*
1. Correct the inability to style clickable types in iOS and Safari.
2. Change font properties to `inherit` in Safari.
*/
::-webkit-file-upload-button {
-webkit-appearance: button;
/* 1 */
font: inherit;
/* 2 */
}
/*
Add the correct display in Chrome and Safari.
*/
summary {
display: list-item;
}
/*
Removes the default spacing and border for appropriate elements.
*/
blockquote,
dl,
dd,
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6,
hr,
figure,
p,
pre {
margin: 0;
}
fieldset {
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
legend {
padding: 0;
}
ol,
ul,
menu {
list-style: none;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
/*
Prevent resizing textareas horizontally by default.
*/
textarea {
resize: vertical;
}
/*
1. Reset the default placeholder opacity in Firefox. (https://github.com/tailwindlabs/tailwindcss/issues/3300)
2. Set the default placeholder color to the user's configured gray 400 color.
*/
input::-moz-placeholder, textarea::-moz-placeholder {
opacity: 1;
/* 1 */
color: #9ca3af;
/* 2 */
}
input::placeholder,
textarea::placeholder {
opacity: 1;
/* 1 */
color: #9ca3af;
/* 2 */
}
/*
Set the default cursor for buttons.
*/
button,
[role="button"] {
cursor: pointer;
}
/*
Make sure disabled buttons don't get the pointer cursor.
*/
:disabled {
cursor: default;
}
/*
1. Make replaced elements `display: block` by default. (https://github.com/mozdevs/cssremedy/issues/14)
2. Add `vertical-align: middle` to align replaced elements more sensibly by default. (https://github.com/jensimmons/cssremedy/issues/14#issuecomment-634934210)
This can trigger a poorly considered lint error in some tools but is included by design.
*/
img,
svg,
video,
canvas,
audio,
iframe,
embed,
object {
display: block;
/* 1 */
vertical-align: middle;
/* 2 */
}
/*
Constrain images and videos to the parent width and preserve their intrinsic aspect ratio. (https://github.com/mozdevs/cssremedy/issues/14)
*/
img,
video {
max-width: 100%;
height: auto;
}
/* Make elements with the HTML hidden attribute stay hidden by default */
[hidden] {
display: none;
}
*, ::before, ::after {
--tw-border-spacing-x: 0;
--tw-border-spacing-y: 0;
--tw-translate-x: 0;
--tw-translate-y: 0;
--tw-rotate: 0;
--tw-skew-x: 0;
--tw-skew-y: 0;
--tw-scale-x: 1;
--tw-scale-y: 1;
--tw-pan-x: ;
--tw-pan-y: ;
--tw-pinch-zoom: ;
--tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity;
--tw-ordinal: ;
--tw-slashed-zero: ;
--tw-numeric-figure: ;
--tw-numeric-spacing: ;
--tw-numeric-fraction: ;
--tw-ring-inset: ;
--tw-ring-offset-width: 0px;
--tw-ring-offset-color: #fff;
--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5);
--tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000;
--tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000;
--tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000;
--tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000;
--tw-blur: ;
--tw-brightness: ;
--tw-contrast: ;
--tw-grayscale: ;
--tw-hue-rotate: ;
--tw-invert: ;
--tw-saturate: ;
--tw-sepia: ;
--tw-drop-shadow: ;
--tw-backdrop-blur: ;
--tw-backdrop-brightness: ;
--tw-backdrop-contrast: ;
--tw-backdrop-grayscale: ;
--tw-backdrop-hue-rotate: ;
--tw-backdrop-invert: ;
--tw-backdrop-opacity: ;
--tw-backdrop-saturate: ;
--tw-backdrop-sepia: ;
}
::backdrop {
--tw-border-spacing-x: 0;
--tw-border-spacing-y: 0;
--tw-translate-x: 0;
--tw-translate-y: 0;
--tw-rotate: 0;
--tw-skew-x: 0;
--tw-skew-y: 0;
--tw-scale-x: 1;
--tw-scale-y: 1;
--tw-pan-x: ;
--tw-pan-y: ;
--tw-pinch-zoom: ;
--tw-scroll-snap-strictness: proximity;
--tw-ordinal: ;
--tw-slashed-zero: ;
--tw-numeric-figure: ;
--tw-numeric-spacing: ;
--tw-numeric-fraction: ;
--tw-ring-inset: ;
--tw-ring-offset-width: 0px;
--tw-ring-offset-color: #fff;
--tw-ring-color: rgb(59 130 246 / 0.5);
--tw-ring-offset-shadow: 0 0 #0000;
--tw-ring-shadow: 0 0 #0000;
--tw-shadow: 0 0 #0000;
--tw-shadow-colored: 0 0 #0000;
--tw-blur: ;
--tw-brightness: ;
--tw-contrast: ;
--tw-grayscale: ;
--tw-hue-rotate: ;
--tw-invert: ;
--tw-saturate: ;
--tw-sepia: ;
--tw-drop-shadow: ;
--tw-backdrop-blur: ;
--tw-backdrop-brightness: ;
--tw-backdrop-contrast: ;
--tw-backdrop-grayscale: ;
--tw-backdrop-hue-rotate: ;
--tw-backdrop-invert: ;
--tw-backdrop-opacity: ;
--tw-backdrop-saturate: ;
--tw-backdrop-sepia: ;
}
.m-0 {
margin: 0px;
}
.mx-auto {
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: auto;
}
.mt-20 {
margin-top: 5rem;
}
.mt-10 {
margin-top: 2.5rem;
}
.mr-5 {
margin-right: 1.25rem;
}
.mt-5 {
margin-top: 1.25rem;
}
.flex {
display: flex;
}
.h-80 {
height: 20rem;
}
.w-\[60\%\] {
width: 60%;
}
.w-\[50\%\] {
width: 50%;
}
.w-\[80\%\] {
width: 80%;
}
.w-\[20\%\] {
width: 20%;
}
.cursor-pointer {
cursor: pointer;
}
.flex-row {
flex-direction: row;
}
.flex-col {
flex-direction: column;
}
.items-center {
align-items: center;
}
.justify-between {
justify-content: space-between;
}
.rounded {
border-radius: 0.25rem;
}
.border-2 {
border-width: 2px;
}
.border-l-2 {
border-left-width: 2px;
}
.border-b-2 {
border-bottom-width: 2px;
}
.border-gray-300 {
--tw-border-opacity: 1;
border-color: rgb(209 213 219 / var(--tw-border-opacity));
}
.border-gray-400 {
--tw-border-opacity: 1;
border-color: rgb(156 163 175 / var(--tw-border-opacity));
}
.border-blue-500 {
--tw-border-opacity: 1;
border-color: rgb(59 130 246 / var(--tw-border-opacity));
}
.bg-slate-200 {
--tw-bg-opacity: 1;
background-color: rgb(226 232 240 / var(--tw-bg-opacity));
}
.bg-white {
--tw-bg-opacity: 1;
background-color: rgb(255 255 255 / var(--tw-bg-opacity));
}
.bg-gray-200 {
--tw-bg-opacity: 1;
background-color: rgb(229 231 235 / var(--tw-bg-opacity));
}
.p-2 {
padding: 0.5rem;
}
.py-10 {
padding-top: 2.5rem;
padding-bottom: 2.5rem;
}
.px-20 {
padding-left: 5rem;
padding-right: 5rem;
}
.pl-3 {
padding-left: 0.75rem;
}
.text-center {
text-align: center;
}
.text-2xl {
font-size: 1.5rem;
line-height: 2rem;
}
.text-gray-600 {
--tw-text-opacity: 1;
color: rgb(75 85 99 / var(--tw-text-opacity));
}
.shadow-md {
--tw-shadow: 0 4px 6px -1px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.1), 0 2px 4px -2px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.1);
--tw-shadow-colored: 0 4px 6px -1px var(--tw-shadow-color), 0 2px 4px -2px var(--tw-shadow-color);
box-shadow: var(--tw-ring-offset-shadow, 0 0 #0000), var(--tw-ring-shadow, 0 0 #0000), var(--tw-shadow);
}
.hover\:text-gray-800:hover {
--tw-text-opacity: 1;
color: rgb(31 41 55 / var(--tw-text-opacity));
}
.focus\:outline-none:focus {
outline: 2px solid transparent;
outline-offset: 2px;
}
@media (min-width: 640px) {
.sm\:w-\[80\%\] {
width: 80%;
}
.sm\:flex-col {
flex-direction: column;
}
.sm\:p-10 {
padding: 2.5rem;
}
.sm\:text-sm {
font-size: 0.875rem;
line-height: 1.25rem;
}
}
@media (min-width: 1024px) {
.lg\:w-\[60\%\] {
width: 60%;
}
.lg\:w-\[50\%\] {
width: 50%;
}
.lg\:text-xl {
font-size: 1.25rem;
line-height: 1.75rem;
}
}
tailwind.config.js
/** @type {import('tailwindcss').Config} */
module.exports = {
content: ["*.{html,js}"],
theme: {
extend: {},
},
plugins: [],
}
Explanation
- HTML:
- Basic structure with an input field for the original URL, a button to trigger the shortening process, and a div to display the shortened URL.
- CSS:
- Simple styling to center the content and give it a clean look.
- JavaScript:
- Fetch API to send a POST request to the server with the original URL.
- Displays the shortened URL as a clickable link.
How It Works
- User Interface:
- The user enters a URL in the input field.
- When the user clicks the “Shorten URL” button, the
shortenUrlfunction is triggered.
- JavaScript Function (
shortenUrl):- Reads the input value.
- Sends a POST request to the
/shortenendpoint of the Node.js server with the original URL. - Waits for the server to respond with the shortened URL.
- Displays the shortened URL in the result div as a clickable link.
- Server:
- The server processes the POST request, saves the original URL with a generated short URL, and responds with the short URL.
Testing
- Open your
index.htmlfile in a browser. - Ensure your Node.js server is running (
node server.js). - Enter a URL in the input field and click “Shorten URL”.
- The shortened URL should appear below, and clicking it should redirect to the original URL.
This setup provides a complete example of how to create a URL shortener using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript for the front-end, and Node.js with Express for the back-end.
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